（SAN DIEGO STATE COLLEGE, CALIFORNIA 1ST PUBLIC TALK 5TH APRIL, 1970, 'THE HUMAN CONDITION'

圣地亚哥州立大学，加州，第一次公共讲话，1970年4月5日，“人类的局限”）

I would like to talk about so many things,
我想说的东西很多，

because wherever one goes...
因为无论一个人去哪儿...

- Europe, India, Australia or America,
-欧洲、印度、澳大利亚或者美国，

one finds more or less the same human problems.
都会或多或少地发现人类有些共同的问题。

Most human beings in the world are so confused...
世界上的大部分人都很困惑...

...and living a contradictory life;
...生活在冲突中；

they are thoroughly unhappy,
他们极其不开心，

utterly miserable and in great deal of sorrow.
十分痛苦，并且处于巨大的悲伤中。

And one’s life seems to be a battlefield,
而且他好像生活在战场上，

from the moment you are born till you die.
从生到死都是如此。

One finds, right through the world, division,
你会发现，遍布整个世界的是分裂、

nationalistic, linguistic, religious differences,
民族主义、语言和宗教差异，

one sect opposed to another, one way against another,
一个派别反对另一个派别，一种方式反对另一种方式，

each saying its way is the best and the only one...
每个人都说自己的方式是最好的唯一的...

...and so on. There is division, conflict and war.
...等等。这里有分裂、冲突和战争。

There is division as the business world,
这种分裂发生在商界、

the spiritual world, the religious world,
精神世界、宗教界、

the scientific world,
科学界、

or the professorial, college world.
以及学术界、高等教育界。

Seeing all this division, this utter chaos,
看到所有这些分裂，这彻底的混乱，

and a great deal of misery, one wonders...
以及巨大的苦难，人们会问...

...and I’m sure you do too ?what is one to do,
...我肯定你也会问-该做什么呢？

what course of action to be followed,
该采取一系列怎样的行动呢？

the left, the centre or the right.
往左、中立，还是往右呢？

Or is it a course of action dictated by some ideology,
又或者，是不是这些做法是被某种意识形态、

some belief,
某种信念、

some authoritarian dictum;
某种独裁统治所命令的？

or must one follow a course of action...
又或者，一个人是不是必须采取这些行动呢...

...that doesn’t depend on any authority whatsoever,
...那并不取决于任何权威，

neither the left, the centre, nor the right,
不管是左倾、中立，还是右倾，

nor any guru, any teacher, any priest,
也不依赖于任何上师、老师或者牧师，

or follow any organised religion, Catholic, Protestant, what you will,
或者追随任何有组织的宗教，天主教、新教，随你所愿，

but follow one’s own inclination, tendency;
而是追随自己的爱好、倾向；

or follow one’s own experience and knowledge,
或者追随自己的经验和知识，

self-reliant, confident and purposeful.
独断独行，自信并且果断坚定。

There is so much contradiction, not only outwardly...
有太多的冲突，不仅仅有外在的...

...but also inwardly.
...而且也有内在的冲突。

And what is one to do?
那么该怎么办呢？

I’m sure you must have asked this question many times -
我相信你肯定无数次地问过这个问题，

the more serious one is the more earnest,
一个人越认真，就越热切，

and not seeking entertainment,
而且并非在寻找某种娱乐，

one must have really deeply asked this question,
他就必然真诚地深入地问过这个问题，

confronted by a world that is so chaotic, contradictory, divided,
面对一个如此混乱、矛盾、分裂的世界，

knowing very well that one has lost faith,
清楚地知道他失去了信仰，

having no trust in anybody,
不信任任何人，

no teacher, no professor,
不信任老师、教授、

no priest or authoritarian Utopia.
牧师或者专制的乌托邦。

If you are at all serious,
如果你真的是认真的，

and I hope you are at least for this afternoon,
我也希望你至少今天下午是认真的，

you must have not only asked...
你必然不仅仅是问过你自己...

...such a question of yourself, but also...
这样一个问题，而且...

...have found a responding answer...
...已经找到一个相应的答案...

...to the challenge:
...来应对这个挑战：

what is one to do?
该怎么办呢？

not having faith in another, not be dependent...
不是相信别人，也不是依赖别人...

...on some saviour, some teacher, some authority,
...依赖什么救世主，什么老师或者权威，

then where are you to look for light,
那么，你要去哪里寻找光明，

for an understanding?
寻找一种领悟呢？

What we are trying to do is to find out for ourselves,
我们正努力做的正是要去自己发现，

confronted with this extraordinary problem of living,
面对这个生存的重大问题，

with all its contradictions and complexities,
面对它所有的复杂矛盾，

what is the course of action which will not be contradictory,
要采取一系列什么样的行动，其中没有矛盾，

which will be whole, complete,
只有完整，和圆满，

which will not produce more agonies,
不会产生更多的痛苦，

more mischief, more confusion.
更多的悲伤，更多的困惑。

And to find that out is our problem -
而发现这些，正是我们的问题，

and I think that is the only problem in life.
而且，我想这是生活中唯一的问题。

An action that is not broken up, that is not contradictory,
没有破碎，没有矛盾的行动

that is continuous, whole, complete and total,
是连续的、完整的，圆满的和完全的，

so that it doesn’t bring more sorrow, more confusion.
那么它就不会带来更多的悲伤，更多的困惑。

And if you will, we will go together into this question,
如果你愿意，我们可以一起来深入这个问题，

bearing in mind that the speaker has no authority whatsoever,
请铭记一点，讲话者没有任何权威，

because both of us are going to examine, observe,
因为我们大家都要检验、观察，

this phenomenon called life, living,
这个被称为生命、生存的现象，

and find out the truth of the matter,
并发现这件事情的真相，

if there is an action, a way of living,
发现是不是有一种行动，一种生存方式，

not at odd moments or in a great crisis but every day,
不是发生在某个奇异的时刻，或者重大危机中，

every minute, a way of living in which there is joy,
而是每天，每分钟都在的一种生存方式，其中有喜悦，

there is no violence,
没有暴力，

no brutality, no contradiction,
没有残忍，没有冲突，

and obviously no imitation and dependency.
而且，明显没有模仿和依赖。

Unless we find such a way of living, not an abstract idea,
除非我们发现了这样一种生存方式，不是一个抽象的理念，

a philosophical concept, a theory,
一个哲学概念，一个理论，

but rather an actual way of living,
而是一种实际的生存方式，

whether there can be an action...
不管它是否被叫做一种行动...

...so complete, so whole,
...如此完整，如此圆满，

so completely non-contradictory.
如此彻底地没有了矛盾。

And I feel to live that way is the only religious way,
我觉得，那样的生存方式才是唯一具有宗教情怀的方式，

none other.
其他的都不是。

We are using the word “religion”..
我们用的是“宗教”这个词...

...not in the accepted sense of that word,
...但这里说的不是那个词公认的意思，

which is to believe in something,
即，相信某种东西，

believe in God or no God,
相信某种上帝或者不信上帝，

or believe in some conceptual ideation -
相信某个思想观念，

we are using that word as a way of life in which...
我们用这个词，是说在这种生活方式中...

...every action is whole, complete and full of ecstasy.
...每个行动都是完整的，圆满的和充满喜悦的。

We’re going to go into that.
我们将会深入探讨这个问题。

First of all, to understand all this,
首先，要理解所有这些，

we must establish right relationship between us,
我们必须在我们之间，在你们和讲话者之间，

between you and the speaker.
建立一种正确的关系。

He is not teaching you...
他不是在教你...

...in the ordinary sense of that word,
...这个词通常的意义，

...telling you what to do.
...不是在告诉你该做什么。

The word “teach” to give information,
“教”这个词，意思是提供信息，

to make one understand, to point out, to inform.
指出并告知，让人明白。

And one can teach mathematics,
一个人可以教数学，

give you some scientific information.
给你一些科学信息。

But here there is no teacher,
但这里没有老师，

and we really mean it,
而且我们是很认真地这么说，

because each one of us has to be his own teacher,
因为我们每个人都必须做自己的老师，

...and his own disciple.
...和自己的学生。

And this is a very serious matter.
这是个非常严肃的事情。

So that you are listening with quite a different attitude,
所以你们要带着一种完全不同的态度来听，

you are listening to the speaker,
你们听讲话者说话，

to the words he is using, and...
听他用的词语，并且...

...understanding those words, watching through those words...
理解这些词，看透这些词的意思...

...all your own reactions and responses and conditioning,
...你们自己所有的反应，回应和条件反射，

so that you yourself, through your own observation, learn,
那么你们自己，通过自己的观察来了解，

so the speaker becomes a mirror...
这样讲话者就成了一面镜子...

in which you are observing yourself.
从中你可以观察自己。

So our relationship,
所以我们的关系，

...between you and the speaker,
...你们和讲话者之间的关系，

is of a basic communication,
是一种根本的交流，

communication being sharing together,
一起交流，一起分享-

understanding together, working together -
一起理解，一起工作，

that is what the word ”communication” means,
这就是“交流”这个词的意思，

...to commune.
...恳切亲近地交谈。

So, seeing all that, not as a theory,
那么，明白了所有这些，不是一个理论，

not something that is extraneous to you,
也不是一件与你无关的事情，

but actually, that is your life,
而是你真实的生活，

your daily contradiction, your daily battle,
你每天的矛盾，每天的争斗，

your daily irritations, anger, hatred, brutality.
你每天的焦虑、愤怒、仇恨和残忍。

And to see if all that can end, so that...
来看看所有这些能不能终止，

...we can live quite a different kind of life,
...那样我们就能以一种截然不同的方式生活，

a life that is free,
自由地生活，

a life that doesn’t bring through action, misery,
那生活里的行动不会带来苦难，

a life that is really, completely, totally peaceful.
那生活是真正地、完全地、完整地和平的。

So one asks, observing all this,
所以，当一个人观察到了所有这些，他会问，

what is one to do, knowing that you are the society,
该做些什么呢？明白了你就是社会，

and the society is you -you are the world...
社会就是你-你就是世界...

...and the world is you, which is not just an idea
...世界就是你，这不只是一个观念而已，

but a fact. You have created this world,
而是一个事实。是你创造了这个世界，

by your greed, anger, ambition, competition, violence,
用你的贪婪、愤怒、野心、竞争、暴力创造的，

inwardly you are that; and outwardly you've wars,
内在你是那个样子；外在，你有战争，

you've all these divisions, the black and the white...
你有所有那些分别，黑的和白的，

and the pink and the blue and all the rest of it -
粉色的和蓝色的以及其他所有的一切

prejudice, antagonism, brutality.
偏见、对抗和残忍。

We know this.
你知道这些。

Either you know it as an idea...
不管你把它当做一个观念来理解...

...or you know it actually.
...还是知道那是事实。

You know it through a magazine, through a newspaper,
不管你是通过杂志，通过报纸了解的，

or somebody has told you.
还是有人告诉你了。

Or you have observed it in yourself,
或者你是在自己身上观察到的，

you have seen it in yourself, completely, and therefore...
你从自己身上完全看到了这一点，那么...

...there is no need for another to tell you what the world is like,
...就不需要别人来告诉你世界是什么样的，

you don’t have to read a single newspaper,
你一张报纸也不用看，

a magazine or listen to any talk,
也不用看什么杂志或者听什么讲话，

if you know for yourself what you are.
只要你自己知道了你是什么。

Realising what you are, then the question is entirely different,
意识到你自己是什么，那么“做什么”这个问题”

the question: 'what to do?'
就完全不同了，

because one realises what one is -
因为他已经认识到自己是什么了，

one is confused, as the world is.
他就像这个世界一样困惑。

One lives in contradiction, in division,
他生活在矛盾中，分裂中，

as the world is.
正如这个世界一样。

And without understanding oneself,
如果不了解自己，

not only at the conscious level but also very much deeply,
不只是在意识层面而且是非常深刻地理解，

very profoundly, unless there is this understanding,
深深地理解，除非有这种理解，

not according to some analyst -
不是根据某种分析家-

Freud, Jung, or...
弗洛伊德、荣格或者...

your own particular pet analyst,
你自己喜爱的特定分析家，

but to understand yourself as you are.
而是如实地了解你自己。

And in the understanding of that,
而在这种了解中，

the question of what you are to do becomes entirely different,
你要做些什么这个问题就变得完全不同了，

because now you are putting the question in relation to the world...
因为现在你把这个问题和世界联系到一起了...

...as though it were something outside of you -
...好像它是在你之外的一件事情-

to what political party you should join,
你应该加入哪个政党，

to what group, the pacifist and so on,
加入哪个团体，反战主义者，等等

to what group, to what section.
加入哪个组织，哪个派别，

So you are putting the world as something outside of you.
这样你就把世界当作了你之外的一件事。

But when one realises, not verbally, not as an idea, but actually
但是当他意识到，不是从文字上，也不是作为一个观念，而是真正理解了

?when one realises tha None is the world,
-当他意识到一个人即是世界，

and one’s responsibility to the world is the responsibility...
一个人对世界的责任就是...

...of understanding yourself so completely.
如此完整地了解自己，

Then your question 'what to do', has quite a different meaning.
那么，你那个“做些什么”的问题，就有了完全不同的意义。

So the question is, how to observe,
所以，问题是，如何观察，

how to observe oneself,
如何观察自己，

oneself being the total human being.
一个人自己就是整个人类。

You are not an American,
你不是一个美国人，

though you may have the label as the American.
尽管你也许被贴上了美国人的标签。

And a man coming from India...
或者一个从印度来的人...

...may call himself an Indian, with his particular label,
...可能会称自己为印度人，带着他特殊的标签，

with his particular superstitions and beliefs.
带着他特定的迷信和信仰。

But when you scratch or push aside all that,
但是，当你把所有这些一笔勾销，

he is an ordinary human being like you and me, like dozen others.
他就是只是一个普通人而已，像你我一样，像其他人一样。

So the question is, how do you observe yourself?
所以，问题是，你怎样观察你自己？

Because without knowing yourself,
因为如果不了解自己，

who is the world, not an individual -
不知道自己就是世界，不是一个个人，

the word “individual” means...
“个人”这个词的意思是...

...a total entity, indivisible.
...一个不可分割的，完整的存在。

And individual means a human being in whom...
个人的意思是一个人...

...there is no contradiction, no division, no separation,
...没有矛盾，没有分裂，没有分离，

is a total unit, harmonious unit.
是一个完整的单位，和谐的单位。

That word “individual” means that, indivisible.
这才是“个人”这个词的意思，不可分割的。

So you are not individuals, you are all broken up,
所以你们都不是个人，你们都是支离破碎的，

contradictory in yourself.
自身矛盾重重。

So how are you to look at yourself?
所以你要怎样看你自己？

Please do listen to this, it is quite absorbing, this.
请注意听，这是很有趣的，这个。

It demands a great deal of intelligence,
这需要大量的智慧，

it is great fun,
这是很有趣的事，

much more fun than any book,
比任何书都有趣，

than any religious entertainment, than any philosophy.
比所有宗教娱乐，比所有哲学都有趣。

As we are broken up human beings in ourselves,
既然我们自己都是支离破碎的人类，

contradictory desires,
矛盾的欲望，

feeling inferior or superior, being afraid,
感觉下等或者上等，害怕着，

having no love,
没有爱，

feeling lonely, fragmented,
感觉孤独，破碎，

not only superficially but deeply -
不仅表面上如此，内心很如亦如此，

how are you to observe?
那么你怎么才能观察呢？

One fragment observes the rest of the fragments?
一个碎片去观察其他的碎片吗？

One becoming the censor, the examiner, the observer,
一个碎片充当审查官、主考官、观察者，

watching over the rest of the fragments?
去监视其他的碎片吗？

And what gives him the authority over the other fragments?
是什么给他这个权利去凌驾于其他碎片之上的？

So the question is,
所以，问题是，

who is the observer...
谁是观察者...

and who is the censor that says, “this I will do, this I won’t do,
谁是那个审查官，说着“我要做这个，不做那个，

this is right and this is wrong,
这是正确的，那是错误的，

this path I will take and I won’t tread that path,
我要走这条路，不踏上那条路，

I’ll be a pacifist with regard to this war...
对于这场战争，我要当个反战主义者...

...but I’ve other favourite wars,
...但是我支持其他的一些战争，

I will follow this leader and not that leader,
我要跟随这个领导，而不是那个，

I believe in this and not in that,
我相信这个，不相信那个，

I will hold this prejudice and reject that,
我要抱有这种偏见，排斥那种偏见”，

knowing, if you have observed yourself,
如果你观察了自己的话，

that you are a fragmented human being.
知道自己是个支离破碎的人。

And therefore, being fragmented, contradictory,
因此，支离破碎地，充满矛盾地，

living in constant conflict,
生活在不断的冲突中，

and knowing this conflict,
同时知道这冲突存在着，

one fragment of this many, many fragments, takes charge,
这许许多多个碎片中的一个，在掌控，

becomes the authority, the censor,
成为了权威，审查官，

and his observation must inevitably be contradictory.
那么他的观察就不可避免地是互相矛盾的。

Right? I hope you’re following all this.
对不对？我希望你们跟上了这些。

If one fragment, one part of you...
如果一个碎片，你的一部分...

...assumes the authority of the analyser...
...担任了权威的分析者...

...over the other fragments,
...凌驾于其他的碎片之上，

why has he assumed that authority?
那为什么他要担当那个权威呢？

And can he - one fragment,
作为一个碎片，他能够

analyse the rest of the other fragments?
分析其他的碎片吗？

You are following all this?
你们跟上这个了吗？

See how dreadfully complex it has all become.
看看这都变得多么可怕地复杂了。

Whether you are analysed by a professional or...
不管你被一个专家分析，还是...

...you analyse yourself, it is still the same pattern.
...你分析自己，都是一样的方式。

So it is very important to find out how to observe,
所以，发现怎样观察，这很重要，

how to observe all these many contradictions...
怎样观察所有这些众多的矛盾...

...which make up our life,
...它们构成了我们的生活，

how to observe the whole of those fragments...
怎样观察这些碎片的全体...

...without another fragment taking place.
...同时又不带来新的碎片。

But this is very important to find out,
但是这项发现是非常重要的，

because as long as there is contradiction,
因为只要自身有矛盾，

division, in oneself, there must be conflict,
有分裂，那就必然有冲突，

there must be violence, which expresses itself...
必然有暴力，这些都会表现在...

...in the world outside, in society.
...外部世界里，表现在社会里。

And as long as this fragmentation exists within one,
只要一个人内部存在着这个碎片，

there can be no peace. And a man who really,
就不可能有和平。一个人想要真正地、

deeply wants to understand and live a peaceful life, a life of love,
深刻地理解并和平地生活，充满爱地生活着，

must understand this question completely.
那他必须完全懂得这个问题。

Therefore it is a very serious matter,
所以，这是个非常严肃的事情，

not just an afternoon’s listening to a few words -
不只是一个下午听了几句话而已，

we are dealing with the whole problem of existence.
我们在讨论的是生存的整个问题。

And it is only the mind that can give serious attention to this,
只有能够认真地关注这些的心灵，

that is able to resolve it.
才能够解决它。

So it is very important, imperative,
所以一个人弄明白这个问题，

that one understands this question.
是非常重要，非常紧迫的。

How do you observe?
你要怎样观察？

Do you observe yourself as an outsider,
你是不是作为一个局外人在观察？

as a censor, saying 'this is right, this is wrong'
或者作为一个审查官，说“这是对的，那个是错的”

justifying, condemning, approving, storing up?
捍卫、谴责、赞成以及存储？

And if you do, there is contradiction...
如果你这么做，就会有矛盾...

...and therefore conflict and therefore violence.
...进而有冲突、有暴力。

So how do you observe?
那你怎么观察？

Do you observe...
你是通过意象...

...through an image?
...观察的吗？

When you observe a tree, do you observe...
当你观察一棵树，你是不是在用...

...with knowledge of that tree,
...树的知识观察？

the knowledge that separates you from the tree,
这知识就把你和树分离了，

divides you, brings about...
隔开了你，在你和树之间...

...a space between you and the tree?
产生了一种距离。

How do you observe? How do you observe your wife...
你要怎样观察？你怎么观察你的妻子...

...and your husband, or your girl...
...你的丈夫，或者你的女儿...

...or boy, how do you observe them?
...儿子，你怎么观察他们？

Watch yourself, sir, please do it as we are talking,
看着你自己，先生，我们谈话的时候，请这么做，

don’t make notes,
不要记笔记，

don’t fiddle around with a tape-recorder,
不要在录音机上浪费时间，

but watch it. How do you look at another?
而是看着。你是怎么看别人的？

Don’t you look at another...
你难道不是通过...

...through the image you have built about the other?
...以前建立起来的意象来看别人的吗？

- the image that you have been building for many years...
-这个你花了好多年建立起来的意象...

...or perhaps two days.
...或者只花了两天建立起来的意象。

And the image becomes the observer.
这个意象就变成了观察者。

Right? Are you following this?
对不对？你跟上了吗？

So the image, or through the image you look.
那么，是这个意象在看，或者通过这个意象在看。

So the censor, the observer,
那么，这个审查官、观察者，

is one of the fragments.
就是碎片之一。

And that censor has an image of what is right and what is wrong,
这个审查官有个什么对什么错的意象，

what should be done and what should not be done,
该做什么不该做什么的意象，

because he is still functioning as a fragment.
因为他还是在起一个碎片的作用。

So the question from this arises,
所以从中产生了这个问题，

whether one can observe without any fragment,
一个人能不能不带任何碎片地观察，

to see you, see oneself, see the world,
看你，看自己，看这个世界，

without fragmentation at all.
完全没有分裂的看？

And what brings about fragmentation?
是什么带来了分裂？

Not only in oneself but also in the world of which one is -
这分裂不只出现在自己身上，而且也出现在这个世界上-

what brings it about,
是什么导致了这分裂？

why is one fragmented?
为什么人是分裂的？

why are there contradictory desires?
为什么有互相矛盾的欲望？

Right?
对不对？

Now...
现在...

Why is one violent?
为什么人是暴力的？

- which is part of contradiction.
-这也是矛盾的一部分。

There are many causes why human beings are violent:
关于人类为什么是暴力的，有很多理由：

lack of physical space;
缺乏物理空间；

human beings who have evolved from the animals...
人类是从动物进化来的...

...and the animals are very aggressive;
...而动物非常好斗；

and people love being aggressive;
人们也喜欢挑衅；

feeling inferior and they want to be superior...
感觉劣等于是想要变得优越...

...and so on. There are many causes.
...等等。有太多的理由。

And most of us spend our time discussing the causes,
我们大部分人花时间来讨论这些原因，

explaining the causes; each professor,
解释这些理由；每个教授，

each specialist, each writer,
每个专家，每个作家，

according to his conditioning,
从他的限制条件出发，

explains the causes -
解释这些原因，

volumes are written why human beings are violent.
许多著作都写了问什么人类是暴力的。

But at the end of the volume human beings still remain violent.
但是，在书的结尾，人类依然是暴力的。

So the description is not the described,
所以说，描述并非被表述之物，

and therefore is of very little value.
因此，描述是没什么价值的。

You know why you are violent very well,
你清楚地知道自己为什么是暴力的，

you haven’t got to spend years...
你也没花那么多年...

...trying to find out the cause of your violence,
...试图发现你暴力的原因，

which is such a waste of time.
因为这本身就是浪费时间。

But to observe violence as it is,
只是如实地观察暴力，

without the censor,
没有那个审查官，

who then separates himself from the fact that he is violent.
没有把他自己和他是暴力的这个事实分隔开。

Are we meeting each other?
我们弄明白了吗？

Are we communicating with each other?
我们在互相交流吗？

I am not sure.
我不确定。

Look sirs,
先生们，请注意，

this is really, very important to understand.
明白这一点真的很重要。

So let’s go into it a little more.
那么让我们再深入一点。

Let’s suppose I am violent -
我们假设我是暴力的，

anger, jealousy, brutality,
愤怒、嫉妒、残忍，

driving ambition that brings about competition.
强大的野心带来竞争。

And I’m always measuring myself against somebody else.
我总是在拿别人来衡量自己。

And this comparison makes me feel I’m inferior...
这种比较让我觉得自己很差劲...

...to you who are superior. So there is a battle, violence,
...而你很优越。所以就有了争斗、暴力，

...I know all that.
...这些我都知道。

Then I say to myself 'I must get rid of this,
然后我告诉自己，我必须除掉这些，

I want to live at peace, though I’ve lived for...
我要平和地生活，尽管我...

...thousands and thousands of years as a human being,
...作为人类之一活了千万年

there must be a change,
但是必须要改变了，

there must be change in society,
必须改变社会，

however rotten it is, and it is.
不管它多么腐败，事实也确实如此。

So I’ll plunge into social work and therefore forget myself.
于是我投身于社会工作，因而忘了我自己。

And the social work and the society is me.
这社会工作和社会就成了我。

So I am escaping from myself.
所以我是在逃避自己。

And realising all the tricks the mind plays upon itself,
然后我认识到心智跟自己玩的所有这些把戏，

now, I look at myself, I am violent.
现在，我看着自己，我是暴力的。

And how do I look at that violence?
那么我要怎么看那暴力呢？

As a censor who condemns violence?
作为一个谴责暴力的审查官吗？

Or justifies violence?
还是一个为暴力辩护的审查官？

Or one who is not capable of dealing with...
还是一个没有能力处理...

...that violence, therefore escapes from it?
...那暴力的人，所以只能逃避？

How do I look at myself; look at that violence?
我要怎样看我自己；看着那暴力？

Please do it.
请这么做。

Are you looking at it as an observer...
你是作为一个不同于暴力的..

...who is different from violence?
...观察者在看吗？

The observer who is separate, who condemns, justifies...
这个分离的观察者，在谴责、维护...

...and says, this is right, this is...and so on...
...并且说，这是对的，那是....等等等等...

The observer looks at the violence,
观察者看着那暴力，

separates himself from violence and condemns it.
把自己跟暴力分离开并谴责它。

Or is the observer the observed?
又或者是，观者即所观？

You are following?
你跟上了吗？

The observer recognises violence...
观察者认识到了暴力...

...and separates himself in order to do something about it.
...把自己分离出来以便能对此做点什么。

But the separation is one of the tricks of thought.
但是分离是思想的诡计之一。

So the observer is the observed, is the violence.
所以说，观察者就是所观之物，就是那暴力。

So long as there is a division...
只要有界分...

...between the observer and the observed,
...观察者和所观之物之间的界分，

...there must be violence. Right?
...就必然有暴力。对不对？

So when I realise that, not verbally,
所以，当我意识到了这一点，不是从字面上理解，

realise with my heart, with my mind, with my whole being,
而是用我的心，我的头脑，我的整个存在意识到了，

then, what takes place?
然后，会发生什么呢？

You understand my question?
你明白我的问题吗？

You know, when you observe anything,
你知道，当你观察某个东西，

there is always not only physical separation, distance, space,
总是不仅仅有物理分隔、距离、空间，

there is also the desire to identify yourself with...
还有一种为自己寻找认同的欲望...

...that which is beautiful, noble,
...认同自己是美丽的，高尚的，

...and not identify yourself with that which is not.
...不把自己认同为那些的反面。

So identification is part of the trick...
而认同也是那诡计的一部分...

...of a mind that has separated itself as the censor,
...头脑把自己当做审查官分离了，

and is now trying to identify.
而现在正努力寻求认同。

But whereas when the observer becomes aware...
但是，当这个观察者觉察到...

...that he is part of the observed, and he is,
...他就是被观察者的一部分，他就是被观察者，

and therefore no image...
那么观察者与被观察者之间...

...between the observer and the observed,
...就没有了意象，

then you will find that conflict completely comes to an end.
然后你会发现那冲突彻底结束了。

This is real meditation, this is not just a trick.
这是真正的冥想，这不只是个诡计。

Therefore it is very important, imperative,
所以说这非常重要，非常紧迫，

that one understands oneself, deeply,
一个人要深入地了解自己，

understand all the responses, the conditioning,
明白所有的回应，条件反射，

the various temperaments, characteristics, tendencies -
各种性情、个性、倾向，

just to watch without the observer. We are meeting now?
只是没有观察者地看着。我们弄明白了吗？

To observe without the observer.
没有观察者地观察。

And that is the act of learning.
这就是学习的行为。

And so that is the action.
因而就是行动。

Now there is a difficulty in this.
现在这里有个困难。

One is observing oneself. One wants to learn about oneself -
一个人在观察他自己。他想要了解自己-

the more you discover, the more you understand,
发现的越多，了解的就越多，

the greater the freedom.
自由就越大。

I am using the word “more” purposely for the moment -
我只是故意暂时地用一下“更多”这个词，

“the more” is comparative evaluation.
“更多”是比较性的评判。

I want to understand myself, learn about myself.
我想要懂得我自己，了解我自己。

In observing myself -
在对我自己的观察中，

please do this as the speaker is going into it, do it actually,
在讲话者探讨这个问题时，请观察自己，确实去这么做，

don’t take it home and think about it, do it now.
不要把它带回家，要现在就想，现在就做。

No, this is not a group therapy or a confessional...
不，这不是一种群体疗法或者一种忏悔...

...or all that nonsense, but watch yourself...
...不是所有这些愚蠢行为，而是看着你自己...

...as we are working together.
...就像我们正在一起工作一样。

I want to learn about myself.
我想要了解我自己。

And myself is a living movement -
而我自己是一个鲜活的运动，

each desire contradicts the other, they are living, moving,
欲望之间互相冲突，它们是鲜活的，运动着的，

they are vital. And I observe...
它们生机勃勃。于是我观察...

and through that observation, I've learnt.
透过那观察，我了解了。

With what I have learnt I am going to look next minute.
带着了解到的东西，下一分钟我继续看。

Right? You follow this?
对不对？你跟上这个了吗？

I am going to look, observe with the knowledge...
我要带着那知识去看，去观察...

...which I have gathered through previous observation.
...那知识是我在之前的观察中积累的。

Am I learning, is there learning then?
那么我是在了解吗？这里面有了解吗？

Because when the mind observes...
因为如果心智带着检验积累得来的知识...

...with an accumulated knowledge from its examination,
...去观察的话，

that knowledge is preventing perception,
那知识就阻碍了觉察，

that knowledge is preventing the freedom to look.
阻碍了自由地看。

See the difficulty.
想想其中的困难。

So can the mind observe without accumulating?
那么心智有可能不积累地观察吗？

And the accumulation is the observer,
那个积累就是观察者，

is the censor, is the conditioned entity.
就是审查官，是那个受限的存在。

Therefore, to look...
所以，去看...

...without accumulating...
...而不积累...

...that is sir, look:
...那才是看，先生：

someone flatters you, says how nice you are,
有人恭维你，说你多么好，

how beautiful you are, how very intelligent,
你多么美丽，多么聪明，

or how stupid you are.
或者你多么笨。

Now can you listen...
现在你听着...

...to what he is saying, that you are stupid or very clever...
...他说什么，说你很笨或者很聪明...

...or very this or very that,
...很这个或者很那个，

can you listen without accumulation?
你能不积累地听吗？

That is, without accumulating the insult or the flattery,
也就是，不堆积侮辱，也不积累恭维，

because if you listen with accumulation,
因为如果你积累地听，

then he becomes your enemy,
那么他就变成了你的敌人，

or your friend.
或者你的朋友。

Therefore that listening and how you listen creates the image.
所以说那样去听，就制造了意象。

Right?
对不对？

And that image separates,
而那意象会导致分裂，

and that image is the cause of conflict -
那意象是冲突的原因，

the image that you have about the Communist...
你对共产主义者...

...and the bourgeois,
...和资产阶级抱有的意象，

the image you have about the Catholic,
对天主教徒抱有的意象，

if you are a Protestant.
如果你是新教徒的话。

And the Catholic has the image about the Protestant.
而天主教徒对新教徒也抱有某种意象。

The image you have about your husband or your wife...
你对你的丈夫或者妻子...

...or your boy, whatever it is.
...对你的儿子，或者不管是谁，都抱有某种意象。

You believe, and another does not believe,
你相信，而其他人不相信，

So there is contradiction.
那么就有了矛盾。

So can you observe without separation?
那么你能够没有分裂地观察吗？

Can you observe at the moment of violence,
你能够在暴力 的时刻，

at the moment of your anger, without the censor?
你愤怒的时刻，不作为审查官地观察吗？

See how difficult it becomes if you are not aware at that moment.
看看如果你当时不觉察的话，这会变得多么困难。

If you are not aware at that moment...
如果你当时不觉察...

...you have already created the image.
...你就已经制造了意象。

So to observe the cloud,
所以，去观察那云，

the beauty of it, the light of it,
它的美丽，它的光芒，

to observe the lovely hills in this country,
观察这乡村里的可爱山丘，

to observe the light on the water -
观察水上的光，

just to observe without naming it,
只是观察而不命名，

because the naming, the knowledge, the experience...
因为命名，知识以及经验...

...prevents the mind from observing totally.
...会妨碍心灵完整地观察。

So when the mind can look without the observer,
所以，当心灵能够不作为观察者地看，

all fragments come to an end - in oneself.
所以的碎片就都自行结束了。

And this is really very important to grasp, to understand.
而明白、理解这一点真的非常重要。

And this cannot be taught by another.
这一点是别人无法教给你的。